Habits of the Heart: Individualism and Commitment in American Life

The transition from traditional interpersonal relationships to a reliance on therapy reflects broader shifts in American society, where therapy has become a significant cultural phenomenon. This shift extends from personal relationships, like marriage and family, to broader societal interactions, where therapy serves not only as a means of addressing psychological issues but also as a general outlook on life. Americans increasingly interpret their experiences—ranging from personal joys and difficulties to work and societal engagement—through a therapeutic lens, emphasizing personal growth and emotional understanding over traditional moral frameworks.

The widespread adoption of the therapeutic perspective is evident in the changing dynamics of relationships and community engagement, where traditional kinship and civic participation give way to relationships formed and maintained on the basis of personal development and emotional support. However, the therapeutic approach encounters limitations, particularly in sustaining deep, long-term commitments and effectively engaging with civic responsibilities. The emphasis on personal autonomy and emotional well-being can undermine the foundations for lasting relationships and active civic engagement, leading to feelings of isolation and diminished communal bonds.

Despite these challenges, traditional forms of relationship and community engagement persist, suggesting a continued desire for more substantive connections and a more integrated sense of self within a social and moral